English: habitational name from the city in Kent, which is recorded
by Bede (c.730) under the names of both Dorubrevi and
Hrofæcæstre. The former represents the original British
name, composed of the elements duro- ‘fortress’ and
briva ‘bridge’. The second represents a contracted form
of this (possibly affected by folk etymological connection with Old
English hrof ‘roof’) combined with an explanatory Old
English cæster ‘Roman fort’ (from Latin castra
‘military camp’). There is a much smaller place in Northumbria also
called Rochester, which seems to have been named in imitation of the
more important one, but which is a more than occasional source of the
surname. In other cases there may also have been confusion with
Wroxeter in Shropshire, recorded in Domesday Book as
Rochecestre.
Dictionary of American Family Names, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-508137-4
123,341
Historical Documents & Family Trees with Rochester
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