Back From Tahiti
I want to start this week’s newsletter by mentioning last week’s
edition: there wasn’t any. I took a week’s vacation. Two weeks ago I wrote,
"This time I am headed to a very remote and exotic location." I didn’t
announce it in advance, but the very remote and exotic location was Tahiti.
It was my first time in the South Pacific, as well as my first time south
of the equator. I spent more than 16 hours in the air each way, plus more
hours of sitting around airport terminals. However, it was time well spent.
Tahiti is everything that I imagined it to be: lush, warm and sunny. I
spent five days on Tahiti itself plus one more day on the nearby island
of Moorea—which is even nicer than Tahiti.
In the last newsletter I also wrote, "I intend to kick back, relax
and enjoy the sunshine." I can now report that I did just that. Before
going, I had an idea that I might write the newsletter and send it from
my hotel room. However, even though I carried my laptop to Tahiti and
back home again, I must admit that I never turned it on. The sunshine
and relaxation were just too tempting.
These islands of French Polynesia do indeed seem to be paradise on
earth. The weather is gorgeous 365 days a year. It is always warm but
never hot; a tropical breeze blows all the time. The local population
seems to be very friendly, well-educated and enjoying a very comfortable
standard of living, unlike some other tropical islands I have visited.
They are friendly to visitors and seem to enjoy explaining their lifestyle
to strangers.
I’m ready to go back to Tahiti or the nearby islands again.
Vital Records Index–Western
Europe
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is now shipping the Vital
Records Index–Western Europe. I had a chance to use it this week and
would like to describe its operation.
This set of CD-ROM disks for Windows contains information on more than
12.5 million people in Western Europe. The main record types found in
this index are church records and civil registrations. The church records
are primarily of christenings and marriages, while civil registrations
include births and marriages and certain other miscellaneous events.
The boundaries within Europe have changed frequently, but people tend
to remain in place. Therefore, this set of CD-ROM disks is described as
covering certain regions rather than referring to countries. The regions
covered are the Alpine (primarily present-day Switzerland and Austria),
BeNeLux (Belgium, Netherlands and Luxembourg), French, German (primarily
Baden, Bayarn, Hessen-Darmstadt, Lippe-Detmold, Oldenberg, Pruessa, Turingia
and Wuertemberg), Italian and Spanish regions. Hispanic researchers in
the Western Hemisphere will note that the Spanish region coverage is extensive,
filling 8 CD-ROM disks.
The Western Europe Indexes include:
- Records that cover an approximate time period from the late 1500s to
the late 1800s. In a few cases they may range into the early 1900s. Records
for years more recent than 95 years from the date of the publication of
these resource files are not included for reasons of rights of privacy.
- Church records and civil registrations.
- Approximately 10 million birth or christening records and 2.5 million
marriages records.
- Names of the principal individual, his or her parents, and, for christenings,
often the grandparents.
- Birth, christening, death, and marriage event dates and places.
- Source reference information that allows you to refer back to the
original record on microfilm.
The new Vital Records Index also includes version 3.0 of the viewer software,
an update from the earlier version included with the Vital Records Index–North America. I previously had installed the North American version
on my system. However, the instructions included with the Western Europe
version assured me that I could simply install the new viewer software
on top of the earlier version; I did not have to remove the old version.
The new version 3.0 software adds several new functions that can also
be used when searching the older North American CD-ROM disks. In other
words, if you have an earlier Vital Records Index set of CD-ROM disks
from the LDS Church, installing the new software will add features to
the older set that you already have. I noticed that the viewer software
was supplied by Folio Corporation, a company well known for their Folio
Views software.
Keep in mind that the data contained is strictly an index. Like any
index in the back of a book, you will always want to turn to the material
mentioned. For instance, here is a typical christening entry found on
the Vital Records Index–Western Europe disks:
- DUBE, Victor
- Gender: Male
- Birth Date: 21 Jan 1795
- Christening Date: 22 Jan 1795
- Recorded in: Bar-le-Duc, Meuse, France
- Father: Jean Francois DUBE
- Mother: Jeanne Margueritte HOCQUET
- Source: FHL Film 1177602 Dates: 1794-98
The above refers to an original record. You can view that record by ordering
FHL (Family History Library) microfilm number 1177602. (You can rent the
microfilms for about $3.) The original records often have data not listed
in the index. For instance, French christening records like the above will
often list the location and date of the parents’ marriage. You won’t obtain
that information from the index, but often you can obtain it from the original
record. Keep in mind that some errors are inevitable. Sometimes the person
copying the information from the original record made mistakes. Always
check the originals!
I spent some time experimenting with the search software and found
it quite simple to use. I’m not sure that I found all the capabilities,
but I did experiment with the following:
Last names in the Family History resource files have been standardized.
This means that variant name spellings are listed under a common name.
For example, Smyth, Smithe, and Smeith would all be indexed under the
name Smith.
You can search by exact spelling or by "sounds like" spellings.
You can search all records or narrow it to a range of years. For instance,
search for records of 1790, plus or minus five years.
You can search by sex. This is useful for certain names. For instance,
if searching for a man named Francis, you probably don’t want to include
the female version of the name (Frances) in your search, even though the
names have been standardized together.
Many Latin cultures have a naming system that derives a child’s last
name from the last names of both parents. The first last name comes from
the father and the second last name comes from the mother. (This applies
for Spanish names only. For Portuguese names, it's the opposite.) For
example, in the name Juan Santana Sanchez, Juan is the given name, Santana
is the father’s last name, and Sanchez is the mother’s last name. Normally,
these two names are considered as one name and would be searched together.
However, a significant number of records in this index do not have both
last names. Because of this, if you do not find an individual using the
standard two-last name search, try a search with the names separated with
an "or". Using the example above, your search would appear as Juan Santana
or Sanchez. This search will find records that have either name.
Three Boolean logic searches are available in the resource files search
screen. They are "and", "or", and "not".
Wildcards are special characters that can be used in place of no letters
or multiple letters. In the Resource File Viewer, only two wildcards are
allowed: the * (asterisk) and the ? (question mark). The asterisk replaces
one or more characters in a word while the question mark replaces exactly
one character.
A Collection Search provides information that helps a user locate a
filmed copy of the original birth, christening, or marriage record. You
can also select one or more collections to view the records contained
within that collection. This is helpful because it allows you to search
through a specific collection of records to find other family members.
For example, if you know that your ancestor lived in the village of Valladolid,
Spain in 1752, you can find what records, if any, have been filmed for
that village. The FHL film number will be given as well as specific dates
covered within that roll of film. Records contained within these collections
are usually ecclesiastical (church) records, or civil (government) records.
The Parent Search helps locate the records of other people who have
the same parent names as the record of the individual on the results screen.
This can help locate the records of other individuals who might be children
of the same couple. The Parent Search may be used to find children who
are born in different localities, such as across an entire county, country,
or region. These broad searches have the advantage of finding children
who might not be found individually. The disadvantage is that they may
also include other children who are not part of the family you are searching
for.
Records from the Vital Records Indexes and the Census Indexes can be
saved as a GEDCOM (GEnealogical Data COMmunication) file. Creating a GEDCOM
file allows you to import records from the index to your own personal
genealogy system (if it reads GEDCOM files). Records can also be saved
in RTF (Rich Text Format) that can then be read by most modern word processors.
The Vital Records Index–Western Europe is an excellent genealogy
resource. It contains high-quality references to original records. If
you are searching for ancestors in Western Europe, you will want to either
obtain your own copy of the Vital Records Index–Western Europe or else
use it at a local Family History Center near you. This index fills 21
data CD-ROM disks plus one disk of software.
What is the price for these 22 CD-ROM disks? $27 U.S. funds, just
a bit over $1 per disk. Even better, that price includes shipping to
U.S. addresses. That doesn’t seem to even cover production costs. Similar
pricing will be available at LDS shipping centers in other countries.
The total price in other countries may vary a bit, but it should remain
quite low.
For more information about the Vital Records Index–Western Europe
or to order it online via a secure Web server, go to the FamilySearch Web site and click on "Order Family History Resources," then click on "Software
Products," then on "Census and Vital Records."
Leiden, Holland Pilgrim Sites
Threatened
Two years ago I had the pleasure of visiting Leiden, Netherlands. I walked
in the neighborhood where the Pilgrims lived prior to their trip to Plymouth,
Massachusetts. I also toured the Leiden American Pilgrim Museum. Even
though I do not have Pilgrim ancestry, I felt a strong sense of connection
to an important piece of American history.
This week I was distressed to read the following warning from Jeremy
Dupertuis Bangs, Director of the Leiden American Pilgrim Museum. Much
of this historical area may soon be destroyed. I would suggest that every
reader of this newsletter write a letter or e-mail to each party listed.
Also, please distribute this information onto newslists, forums, chat
boards and genealogy society newsletters as you see fit:
NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN PILGRIM SITES DEMOLITION PLANS: LEIDEN'S VROUWEKERK
AND AALMARKT SITES
Jeremy Dupertuis Bangs, Director, Leiden American Pilgrim Museum,
19 September 2000
November 7, 2000, has been set for the Council of State's hearing on
the City of Leiden's intention to demolition the remains of the Vrouwekerk,
the medieval church that was used by the Walloons (Huguenots) after the
Reformation. Through its association with the families of Philip Delano,
Francis Cooke and his wife Hester Mayhew, Edward Bumpas and other Huguenots
who became Pilgrims, this site symbolizes the confluence of two major
streams in the history of persecution, refuge, religious freedom, and
colonial migration—the English Separatists now called the Pilgrims and
the French Calvinists known as the Huguenots. In addition to the Pilgrim
connections, this is the church from which numerous families emigrated
to New York and Guyana in 1622-24, led by Jesse de Forest. Thus the site
is important for its historical associations with the beginnings of colonial
settlement in both New York and New Netherlands.
In a new development, the Council of State has informed the parties
in the case that they may submit new evidence and supporting materials
up to two weeks before the date of the hearing. Thus it becomes possible
for me to submit individual letters expressing support for my contention
that the cultural and historical value of the Vrouwekerk ruin as an important
symbol of the ties between The Netherlands and America justifies a decision
to prevent demolition. I can also now include a copy of the petition which
many people have signed, as evidence in this case. This new development
is very encouraging and inspires hopes that the Council of State will
recognize the value of preserving this ruin to commemorate an important
link in the common histories of The Netherlands, Belgium, France, and
America.
Please send letters of support for preserving the Vrouwekerk to me
before October 15. I will then submit them to the Council of State.
My postal address is:
Mandenmakerssteeg 11,
2311 ED Leiden
The Netherlands
My (new) e-mail address is:
bangsflynn@cs.com
Thank you very much for your continued support in this effort.
[Dispute details in the following sub-article:]
AALMARKT DEVELOPMENTS
Following discussions and decisions on the town's plans to regulate
prostitution (only four brothels), which the central government has decriminalized
as of October 1st, Leiden's Town Council debated the Aalmarkt demolition
plans in its meeting last Tuesday, September 12, 2000. Despite eloquently
expressed opposition to large-scale construction and to demolition of
the historic sites in the Aalmarkt area, the coalition led by the Labor
Party (PvdA), circumvented attempts by the opposition parties to require
preservation of historic monuments as well as to require competitive bidding
and plan proposals, thus retaining complete control of the development
within the cabinet of the mayor and aldermen. After several months of
further work on the drawing boards, that group intends to present a choice
to the council of two development alternatives, both of which presuppose
large-scale demolition to accomplish the amount of new floor-space for
large stores that private investors want to build where numerous sixteenth
and seventeenth-century houses and other historic monuments now stand.
The cabinet of the mayor and alderman have expressed their entire confidence
in the ability of the single private development company they have chosen
(without competitive bidding) to achieve plans which will represent the
best way to accomplish a profitable future for the city's selected investors
and to provide employment to local contractors who traditionally support
the Labor Party. The damaging effects on existing small businesses and
the traffic chaos that can be foreseen are very sensitive to the fact
that one of the major investors, AHOLD, has discovered that its American
shoppers are unhappy that their money is going to a company that intends
to participate in the destruction of an aspect of [history] are topics
that were postponed by promising future clarification.
Recent architectural surveys of the buildings prove that the hospital
wing where Myles Standish recuperated from wounds is practically intact,
with enough of its timber roof from 1571 still there to make complete
restoration a real possibility. The cabinet, however, has explicitly retained
the "right" to determine that such monuments will be demolished if it
is otherwise impossible to achieve the financial goals of the property
developer and the investors.
In a public debate (Sept. 5) and at an open meeting of the town council's
Commission on Urban Planning (Sept. 7), numerous groups hoping to improve
the city through preserving its cultural and historic fabric echoed the
pleas of the (essentially powerless) National Monument Service and spoke
in favor of development without demolition. These groups included the
Aalmarkt Foundation, The Leiden Cultural Platform, The Leiden Antiquarian
Association "Oud Leiden", The Heritage Preservation Society "Heemschut",
The Arent van's-Gravezande Foundation for Architectural Heritage Preservation,
and The Leiden American Pilgrim Museum. The public response is overwhelmingly
in favor of preservation, and several speakers specifically pointed out
the need to preserve places that serve to commemorate the city's role
in the Pilgrim story, in addition to the widespread general concern that
a few politicians and their friends, making decisions behind closed doors,
are destroying irrevocably the city these citizens love.
AHOLD is the Dutch holding company that owns STOP & SHOP, Giant-Landover,
Giant-Carlisle, Tops Markets, BI-LO, and Pathmark Stores.
Your letter to AHOLD will help in the preservation effort. Write to:
Another company interested in investing in this demolition is the Fortis
Financial Group. They are included among the addresses to which all reports
from the developer are sent. You may want to contact their American offices,
also.
Write to:
It is impossible to predict the outcome of this conflict between the interests
of those with hopes for a future grounded in the reminders of a proud heritage
and the interests of those searching to maximize profits in the short term.
Your letters will count, now.
Thank you,
Jeremy Dupertuis Bangs
GENUKI Name Issue Resolved
In the June 3, 2000 edition of this newsletter I wrote about a name dispute
involving GENUKI (GENealogy—United Kingdom and Ireland). Here is a "reprint"
of the article that I wrote in June:
WHERE IS THE REAL GENUKI WEB SITE?
There seems to be a bit of controversy brewing over the acronym GENUKI.
The GENUKI organization has been in business for several years at www.genuki.org.uk.
"GENUKI" is an abbreviation for "GENealogy United Kingdom and Ireland."
The site says, "The information provided by GENUKI
must not be used for commercial purposes, and all specific restrictions
concerning usage, copyright notices, etc., that are to be found on individual
information pages within GENUKI must be strictly adhered to. Violation
of these rules could gravely harm the cooperation that GENUKI is obtaining
from many information providers, and hence threaten its whole future."
The letters "uk" at the end of www.genuki.org.uk indicates a site registered
in the United Kingdom. Recently a new Web site has appeared at www.genuki.com.
The "com" at the end of this URL indicates a registration within the United
States. The site at www.genuki.com simply says that the site is under
construction. However, a press release issued by Genuki.com Ltd of 27
Lowther Village–Penrith–Cumbria–CA10 2HP, England says, "In the
coming weeks Genuki.com Ltd will open for business at www.genuki.com.
The site shall eventually consist of links and various free submission
engines, an online magazine, classified small ads for business and private
subscribers and a shopping mall for businesses connected with family and
social history." The same announcement says that genuki.com is "Incorporated
in England and Wales—reg. no. 3983227."
The folks who operate www.genuki.org.uk are a bit upset about this
new upstart with the similar URL. They believe that there will be lots
of confusion with the authentic GENUKI site. I am no lawyer, especially
in regards to English copyright laws, but I have to wonder if there is
a copyright infringement here.
The parties affected have now reached a settlement. It looks like a
victory for the original GENUKI.org.uk but it also apparently was a costly
victory. Here is the official announcement from GENUKI representative
David Hawgood:
GENUKI has provided an information service for U.K. and Ireland genealogy
on Internet free of charge for five years. It now has over 20,000 pages
of information. Much of the Web space is provided free on condition that
GENUKI is not a commercial service. The home page is at www.genuki.org.uk.
In April Les Strong from the Penrith area registered domain names www.genuki.co.uk
and www.genuki.com. He also registered limited companies Genuki.com Ltd
and Genuki Ltd, and started a commercial web site seeking paid advertising.
These Web sites and companies were completely separate from GENUKI.
Naturally GENUKI organisers and maintainers are furious that Les Strong
started a commercial service using the name GENUKI.
The organisers of GENUKI took formal domain name conflict resolution
action. This led to a negotiated settlement. As a result the domains genuki.co.uk
and genuki.com will be transferred to GENUKI—this should take effect
on November 1st. But it cost money—which otherwise would have gone to
providing more free information on Internet.
Nu? What's New in Jewish Family
History
Gary Mokotoff publishes a biweekly online newsletter of interest
to anyone researching Jewish ancestry. It is called Nu?, What's New?.
This newsletter focuses on topics of interest to Jewish genealogists.
For instance, here is the table of contents from the September 24,
2000 edition:
- Record Retention in the Information Technology Age
- JewishGen Implementing Daitch-Mokotoff Soundex Improvement
- CJSI: Have You Used It?
- Maps of Interwar Polish Towns
- Featured Book: Discovering Your Jewish Roots in Galicia
You can read the newsletter online on a Web page, or you can elect to have
new issues to be sent to you via e-mail as soon as they are issued. The
subscriptions are free.
This looks like a good one. For more information, or to subscribe,
visit Avotaynu.com.
More Old Books on CD
Guy Etchells wrote this week to describe an interesting new project.
It seems that Rod Neep has set up a project to scan old, out-of-print
books, directories etc. and to then distribute them on CD-ROM. This is
a non profit project; any funds received are either ploughed back into
the project to buy more books or are donated to the archives that have
loaned books to the project. Funds donated to archives will normally be
used to rebind these books or to purchase additional books. In fact, many
old books would be available to the public except that the bindings are
falling apart. As a result, many archives have withdrawn these rare books
from public access. The new CD-ROM project will have a two-fold benefit:
(1.) the books will be scanned and made available to everyone on CD-ROM,
and (2.) the funds derived will pay for rebinding.
One of the best features of the project is everybody wins: the archives
gain by having their books rebound as well as receiving additional rare
books, while the genealogy public wins by being able to purchase CD-ROM
copies of rare, out-of-print books crammed full of genealogical facts.
More information about the CD Books project can be viewed at the Web site.
Heritage Quest Magazine on CD-ROM
Heritage Quest Magazine is a great bi-monthly publication that
is usually full of informative "how to" articles about researching your
family tree. One thing that I have always appreciated about Heritage Quest
Magazine is that its "articles-to-advertising" ration is high. That is,
it has lots of informative articles and a reasonable number of advertisements.
Now the publishers have announced that they will soon be releasing a CD-ROM
disk containing all the back articles.
The Heritage Quest Magazine CD will contain 14 years of the Heritage
Quest Magazine on one CD-ROM disk. It includes over 1,800 articles and
consists of over 10,000 pages, fully indexed with an every word retrievable
capability.
The price is expected to be $69.95 (U.S. funds) and I suspect they
will charge extra for shipping. I looked at Heritage Quest’s Web site
but could not find a mention of the new CD-ROM disk yet. However, I expect
that it will be announced soon at the home page.
Online Civil War Rosters
One of the greatest aspects of the World Wide Web is the sharing
of information. There are many examples of people entering hard-to-find
or otherwise obscure information so that it may be available for others.
Most of these efforts are non-profit; they are accomplished simply for
the enjoyment of helping others.
One excellent example is the growing collection of online U.S. Civil
War rosters. I don’t know how many people are contributing to this collection,
but obviously the number is a large one. Each person enters data in the
format he or she prefers on any Web page of choice. The results are then
loosely linked together under the "umbrella" of the Civil War Rosters
home page.
If you are looking for a Civil War ancestor, go to this Web site.
My thanks to Jackie Hanna for letting me know about this great resource.
Getting Started Classes in Boston
The New England Historic Genealogical Society is offering a "Getting
Started" Class on the first Wednesday of each month for people who are
just beginning their family history research. "Getting Started with Your
Family History" is the name of the class being offered to the Society’s
members and non-members alike. Classes are free.
The first class was held on October 4th. However, you can attend future
classes even if you missed the first one. (I should point out that NEHGS
Tours Coordinator Alena Tan provided the information to me in advance
of the first class. However, my vacation got in the way, so the announcement
wasn’t mentioned until this week.)
Classes are being held at NEHGS headquarters at 101 Newbury Street,
Boston, MA 02116. For details, send an e-mail to: education@nehgs.org
Anne-Marie Perrault, R.I.P.
Friends and acquaintances of Anne-Marie Perrault will be saddened
to hear that she recently lost a very short battle with cancer on Sept.
2, 2000. I knew her casually and corresponded with her a number of times
about articles she published as editor of American-Canadian Genealogist,
published by the American Canadian Genealogical Society. She held that
position for the past 14 years.
The following is the full obituary:
Goffstown—Anne-Marie Perrault, 65, died Sept. 2, 2000, in Goffstown.
She was born in Manchester on July 17, 1935, the daughter of Charles
and Andrea (Duguay) Perrault.
She was a well-known figure in the Franco-American community of Manchester
as a person passionate about French Canadian history, music, language
and culture.
She was graduated from Villa Augustina School, St. Anselm College,
where she earned a Bachelor of Science degree in nursing and from S.U.N.Y.,
Albany where she earned a master's degree in educational psychology.
Her career spanned nursing, teaching, health-care administration and
more recently, writing, editing and translation work.
She was involved with the American-Canadian Genealogical Society, and
for 14 years was the editor of its quarterly journal, the American-Canadian
Genealogist.
She was an active researcher, author and translator of genealogical
works related to Franco-American and Acadian families.
The family includes two daughters, Elizabeth Bradley of Edgartown,
Mass., and Adele Bradley of Goffstown; three grandchildren; two sisters,
Judith Cholette of Manchester and Camille Ahern of San Jose, Calif; and
several nieces and nephews.
Many more tributes from Anne-Marie’s friends can be read at the memorial Web site.
FGS Awards At Salt Lake City
Conference
The following is an announcement from Jim Warren, Awards Committee
Chair for the Federation of Genealogical Societies:
FGS AWARDS AT SALT LAKE CITY CONFERENCE
The Federation of Genealogical Societies 2000 national conference,
hosted by the Utah Genealogical Association, included the presentation
of several awards at the opening session and at the banquet.
The Directors Award was presented twice, to the Family History Library
and to the Genealogical Society of Utah. For over one hundred years, the
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints has pursued the goal of collecting
the genealogical records of the world. The results are generously and
freely shared with anyone interested in using them, to further everyone’s
knowledge of their family history. The microfilming program of Genealogical
Society of Utah, the Church’s record-gathering arm, pioneered that medium
which is now the most proven technology for long-term preservation of
information. Today over 200 microfilm cameras around the world continue
to add to the millions of rolls of records that GSU has made available
to researchers. The Family History Library in Salt Lake City houses the
largest collection of genealogical material in the world. Through the
Library, and the "branch library" network of over 3,400 Family History
Centers worldwide, the filmed records and other material are made available.
FGS was pleased to recognize the efforts of GSU (for collecting many
of the world’s records) and the FHL (for making those records accessible)
on behalf of over 2,400 researchers who use the library daily, on behalf
of thousands more who use resources at Family History Centers, on behalf
of hundreds of thousands who access information about the collections
at the FamilySearch web site, and on behalf of all our ancestors. In many
cases, the work that GSU and the Library have done and continue to do
is the only reason many of us will ever find and know our ancestors.
In the 24-year history of FGS, this is the first time the Board of
Directors had ever authorized this award twice in the same year. It was
only appropriate that this distinction recognized the two arms of an organization
that has achieved so many other firsts, and that has made family history
a goal, a possibility, and a reality for genealogists everywhere. These
two awards were presented at the opening session, and were accepted by
the conference keynote speaker Richard E. Turley Jr., Managing Director
of the Family History Department of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day
Saints and President of the Genealogical Society of Utah.
Also recognized at the opening session with FGS Certificates of Appreciation
were seven Utahns who were conference committee chairs, and who had effectively
contributed to putting together this, the largest FGS Conference to date.
Those committee chairs were: Jill Crandell, Publications Chair; Linda
Turner, Publicity Chair, Russ Lynch, Exhibits Chair; Lois Owen, Hospitality
Chair; Laurie Castillo, Banquet/Luncheons Chair; and Bev Norton and Haybron
Adams, who recruited the volunteer corps needed during the conference.
These individuals and the many volunteers working with them enabled conference
attendees, speakers, and vendors to enjoy a successful and educational
four-day conference.
At the banquet, several organizations or individuals from across the
country were recognized for their contributions to FGS and to genealogy.
Mark Lowe of Tennessee received the 2000 FGS Delegate Award. His extensive
contributions to FGS include chairing the FGS Conference Booth, providing
training for the FGS Society Hall computer database, and in putting together
the 2000 FGS Membership Directory. Each of the more than 500 genealogical
societies that are members of the Federation has a delegate to FGS. This
award annually recognizes one whose contributions are exceptions.
Karen Clifford of Salinas, California and Salt Lake City was presented
the FGS Award of Merit as Program Chair of the 2000 Conference. The program
she crafted offered conference attendees their choice from nine concurrent
speakers during most of the four days of the conference.
Karen, who is President of the host society, the Utah Genealogical
Association, also accepted the FGS Distinguished Service Award on behalf
of UGA. In addition to its work in hosting the 2000 Conference, the many
contributions UGA has made to the genealogical community include UGA’s
quarterly, The Genealogical Journal, and its annual week-long Salt Lake
Institute of Genealogy.
Dean Hunter of Magna, Utah was recognized with the FGS Award of Merit
for his leadership as National Conference Chair of the 2000 Conference
in Salt Lake City. This conference was innovative as well as highly successful
for FGS, and set a new standard for future FGS conferences. Dean, who
is Collection Development Specialist for the British Isles at the Family
History Library, is also the nominee for FGS President for 2001-2002.
The Blackhawk Genealogical Society of Rock Island and Mercer Counties
Illinois, and the Scott County Iowa Genealogical Society were recognized
for their joint venture, the Quad Cities Genealogical Conference. For
26 consecutive years, this conference has been a combined effort on the
parts of these two societies to provide national-level genealogical education
in the Quad Cities area of Illinois and Iowa. Their work was recognized
with the FGS Award of Merit. Next year they will take their efforts to
a new level when they host the 2001 Federation Conference in Davenport,
Iowa.
The 2000 George E. Williams Award for significant contributions to
FGS during the past year was presented to Fred Moss of Plano, Texas. Fred
is the FGS Legal Advisor. He has provided the FGS Board with timely and
very effective training on the legal, ethical, and practical responsibilities
of Directors, as well as providing wise counsel to help FGS set its course
for the rapidly expanding genealogical future.
A significant new FGS award was presented for the first time. The FGS
Archives Award was presented to the National Archives and Records Administration
(NARA). Genealogists know how rapidly things are changing, but can hardly
imagine the task of managing, preserving, and providing access to the
collected records of the U.S. Federal Government. That is the role of
NARA. And while family history researchers deal mostly with older records,
FGS presented this first Archives Award to recognize an amazing effort
by NARA to deal with recent records in electronic format.
NARA has spearheaded development of a new and truly innovative approach
to capturing, analyzing, preserving, storing, transferring, and making
accessible electronic data in its original context. They have coordinated
efforts of the archival, academic, business technology, and user communities
in an effective, major undertaking. In recognizing of these pioneer efforts
in preserving and managing today’s electronic records for tomorrow’s generations,
FGS presented the first FGS Archives Award to NARA. The award was accepted
by the banquet speaker, L. Reynolds Cahoon, NARA’s Chief Information Officer,
and formerly Managing Director of the Family History Department of the
LDS Church.
Curt B. Witcher of Fort Wayne, Indiana, the Immediate Past President
of FGS, was presented a special award in recognition of his national leadership
over the past half-dozen years as director of the Civil War Soldiers System.
A joint venture of FGS, the National Parks Service, GSU, and the National
Archives, this massive project coordinated nationwide volunteer efforts
to abstract individual information on participants in the Civil War. The
resulting database, which will continue to be expanded, provides an index
to information about participants, available online and at National Park
Service sites. Witcher’s leadership, vision, and persistence were moving
forces in coordinating the extensive efforts of so many people and organizations.
It is hoped that the award, including a replica of a 10-pound Civil War
cannon, will be a reminder to Curt of his important years of leadership
with the Federation. Curt takes office next month as President of the
National Genealogical Society.
Current FGS President David E. Rencher expressed the thanks of the
Federation to the FGS Directors whose terms end in December. In addition
to Immediate Past President Curt Witcher, Vice Presidents Gary Mokotoff
and Joan Mitchell and Directors Phyllis Brown Miller and Dawne Slater-Putt
will leave the Board, at least for the present.
David Rencher, who is the Director of the Family History Library, will
complete his second and final term as President at year’s end. David was
thanked with an appropriately Irish gift by the FGS Board for his four
years of Presidential leadership and his many years of friendship.
Thanks to Awards Committee members Wendy Elliott and Linda McCleary,
and to former committee member Dean Hunter, for their assistance with
the committee’s work. If you know of an individual or organization whose
service to genealogists warrants national recognition, contact the FGS
office for the awards criteria and an application form. Or, simpler yet,
you can find that information at the FGS website and complete the form
online.
Another Online Genealogy Newsletter
It looks like this newsletter has a new competitor. All I can
say is, "Welcome! There’s always room for more."
Steve Lacy has created The Genealogy Newsletter and is assisted by
a number of people. Here is a quote from the first edition:
This new publication will provide free genealogy related informational
materials to family researchers and casual family seekers. Our mission
is to publish information that is useful, interesting and current. The
present issue will cover the purpose, background, details about the sponsoring
Web site for this newsletter, plus things to come, subscribe/unsubscribe
instructions and new family and genealogy home page listings.
Future issues will contain in depth articles across a wide range of
family research topics. Our special focus is upon Internet genealogy.
We are assembling an editorial team of highly experienced and capable
family researchers, academics, Web developers and publishers.
The first edition also says, "We will publish this Genealogy Newsletter
at least monthly." You can read it yourself, or even obtain a free subscription,
at the Web site.
NARA Updated Strategic Plan Now
Available Online
The U.S. National Archives and Records Administration issued the
following press release this week:
College Park, MD. . . Persons interested in the Strategic Plan of the
National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) will now find an updated
version on the NARA Web site.
Printed copies also will be available soon.
In posting the Plan for public access, Archivist of the United States
John Carlin thanked all the NARA customers, other stakeholders, and staff
members who contributed to updating it. "In special meetings and in individual
communications, we received a lot of good feedback," he said, "and we
made use of it."
The ten-year plan, which NARA began implementing in 1997, has been
updated to include the following goals:
- acknowledge new developments, such as NARA's funding increases from
the Congress and the Administration, its focus on Targeted Assistance
to increase our records management help to Federal agencies, and its
research success in demonstrating the feasibility of an Electronic Records
Archives
- acknowledge those things that now are achievements rather than objectives,
such as designing re-encasements for the Charters of Freedom, getting
Federal Register publications online, and launching NARA's reimbursable
records-center program
- identify the current status of activities in which progress is under
way, such as meeting space needs, improving service to veterans, and
creating an Internet-accessible catalog of all NARA holdings nationwide
- remove references no longer relevant and substitute current information
for dated examples, statistics, and activities, such as the (increased)
volume of use of NARA's web site offerings, and the (increased) volume
and kinds of electronic records with which NARA must deal
- remove objectives that have proven infeasible or unnecessary, such
as the consolidation of NARA's holdings in just a few facilities; and
add objectives, such as providing archival quality space for military
service records that NARA recently determined should be kept permanently.
FreeBMD Project Seeks Source
Materials and Transcribers
The following is a message that I received and seems like a great
project. I thought I would pass it along:
Hi All,
If anyone out there has purchased any St Catherine's House/GRO Index
which is now in the back of a drawer and no longer needed, or could be
"borrowed" for a period, please will you let me know.
I'm working on the FreeBMD project, and we are always on the look out
for source material and transcribers.
3 million names have been transcribed out of 100 million records, 1837-1900
by volunteers since January. Have a look at this Web site;
you might find a missing relative.
If anyone has any spare time to help transcribe the St Cath's indexes
of Births, Marriages and Deaths for FreeBMD, please let me know. (I'm
coordinating the new volunteers for FreeBMD, and helping to find them
a syndicate where they can help transcribe from fiche, paper copies or
from scans of fiche pages downloaded from the web site). The more who
get involved with this mammoth project, the quicker the indexes will be
available, online, free for all to search.
Hope some of you will be able to help
California Insurance Records
To Reveal Black Genealogy Information?
Insurance companies now must reveal information about policies
written more than 135 years ago. Some of this information may be valuable
to black genealogists. A new law gives California's Insurance Commissioner,
Harry Low, the power to ask all insurers doing business in the state to
hand over details of slave policies written in the 1850s and 1860s that
paid out money to slave owners rather than the families when a slave died.
Under a typical slave policy, a slave owner would get a $500 payout
from an annual premium of about $11 on an insured slave. The policies
were legal and acceptable business practice at the time they were written.
The policies disappeared with the abolition of slavery in the United States
in 1865.
In March of this year, Aetna became the first American corporation
to issue a public apology over its involvement in slavery, expressing
regret over the slave policies it underwrote in the firm's early years
in the 1850s. The company stopped short, however, of committing any money
to restitution or compensation.
Aetna spokesman Fred Laberge said that the company will comply with
any requirements to turn over records to the California Insurance Commissioner.
However, he added that Aetna only had records of five such polices, as
far as he was aware. At least three other insurers still operating in
California also issued slave policies and may come under scrutiny.
According to research by African-American historian Dee Parmer Woodtor,
other companies that sold slave polices include New York Life and mutual
insurers Baltimore Life Insurance Co. and American Life Insurance Co.
of New York, the latter of which is owned by Mutual of America Life Insurance
Co.
Another company that sold slave insurance at the time was the now defunct
Hartford Life, a company not connected with the present-day company of
the same name owned by Hartford Financial Services Group Inc.
Bermudan insurer Ace Ltd. may also have to answer questions on the
subject, as it now owns The Insurance Co. of North America, which also
sold slave policies, according to research by authors Charles Blockson
and Ron Fry in their 1977 book Black Genealogy.
The California legislation—passed in the form of two bills—was
introduced by Democratic Senator Tom Hayden and supported by African American
groups such as Rev. Jesse Jackson's Rainbow/PUSH coalition and the National
Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in California.
More about the Glebe House
In the last newsletter I wrote, "The U.S. National Genealogical
Society (NGS) was founded in 1903 in the District of Columbia. The society
moved to the Glebe House in Arlington, Virginia in 1912." I have since
been told by a number of people that the NGS moved to the Glebe House
in 1985, not in 1912.
75 Children
Rock 'n' roll star Screamin' Jay Hawkins died in February of this
year. He was best known for his hit song "I Put A Spell On You." However,
he should also be famous for the number of children that he fathered.
By his own estimate, Hawkins fathered about 75 illegitimate children.
He never met very many of them.
Now a friend of the singer, Los Angeles banker Maral Nigolian, has
created a Web site dedicated to locating Hawkins' children and helping
them find some peace. For starters, Jayskids.com and the Rock & Roll Hall
of Fame in Cleveland are setting up a gathering of the offspring and Hawkins'
friends.
If you think you are one of Jay’s kids, go to the JaysKids Web site.
Upcoming Events
The Upcoming Events section of this newsletter is published once
per month, usually in the first newsletter of each month. Each event will
be listed very briefly: title, date(s), location, and sponsoring organization,
all followed by either an e-mail address or a Web page that you can use
to find more information. Since detailed information is available via
e-mail or the Web, I will not list the details in this newsletter. If
you do contact any of these organizations, please tell them where you
heard about the event.
Here are the listings, arranged by date. An asterisk indicates a new
listing that has been added since the last time this list was published:
The Massachusetts Society Of Genealogists, Inc. will hold its 25th
annual meeting on October 14, 2000 in Springfield, Massachusetts. Speakers
include Peter H. Viles speaking on "Religion, Pilgrims, and Early Settlements,"
Jean Nudd, Director, Pittsfield office, National Archives and Records
Administration, speaking on "Resources at the Pittsfield National Archives"
and Marcia D. Melnyk on "Twentieth Century Records." Details are available
from harold.odiorne@the-spa.com
The Wisconsin State Genealogical Society Fall Seminar will take place
Saturday, October 14, in Wisconsin Dells, Wisconsin. Featured speaker
will be James L. Hansen, F.A.S.G., State Historical Society of Wisconsin,
Madison, Wisconsin. Details are available at the Web site.
The National Genealogy Society Regional Conference will be held in
Spokane, WA on the 14th of October. It is being hosted by the Eastern
Washington Genealogical Society. The speakers will be Curt Witcher and
Christine Rose. For additional information, contact toppline@cet.com
The Preserving Our Past (POP) Fair will be held at Heritage Square
in Downtown Phoenix on October 14. The Fair will feature historical organizations
and repositories from Central Arizona. For additional information, contact
the Arizona Archives at: msturgeo@dlapr.lib.az.us
The annual Family History Fair in New York City will take place on October
15, 2000. This year’s session includes numerous workshops and also commercial
exhibitors. Admission is free. Details are available at the Web site.
The SPENCER Historical & Genealogical Society, Inc. (SHGS) will hold
its Bi-annual Reunion October 11-15, 2000, in Grapevine and Irving, Texas
(between Dallas & Fort Worth). Confirmed speakers include Lloyd Dewitt
Bockstruck. For further information, contact sspencer@flash.net
The Dragoo Family Association (DFA) Biennial Reunion will be held October
12-15, 2000 in San Antonio, Texas. For more information, contact: GWatson3@Compuserve.com
An O'Mahony get-together will be held in Ottawa, Ontario Canada on
October 13-15, 2000. This will be the first Canadian gathering. For information
about the society and fall gathering, contact: grandpre@global2000.net
The Alford American Family Association will hold its 13th annual meeting
and national Alford family reunion in Augusta, GA, Oct. 13-15, 2000. The
association is for all spelling variations such as Alvord, Halford, Alfred,
etc. For more information go to the Web site.
Pierre Chastain Family Association—All descendants of Pierre Chastain
are invited to this year's special 25th reunion and 300-year celebration
of Pierre Chastain's arrival in Virginia. The reunion is to be held October
13-15 in Richmond, Virginia. For more information, visit the Chastain
Web site.
*The Genealogical Society of Stanislaus County (California) will hold
its monthly meeting on October 17, 2000 in Modesto. The program will feature
Fred Roselawn to show Mathew Brady's pictures of the Civil War. Mr. Roselawn
has concentrated his study on the photography of the Civil War and updated
a presentation he gave ten years ago for the society. The public is invited
to attend. For more information, visit the Web site.
The Alabama Genealogical Society will hold its Fall meeting and Seminar
in Montgomery on Saturday, October 21, 2000. Jimmy B. Parker, a nationally
known genealogical speaker, will present the following subjects: "What
Did Your Ancestors Do and In Which War: U.S. Military History and Sources"
and "Mining familysearch.org for Genealogical Resources." For additional
information contact: jylhardy@bellsouth.net
*The Shuffield/Sheffield Family Reunion will be held Saturday, Oct.
21, 2000 in Cameron, Texas. The family genealogist, Lynna Kay Shuffield
will be attending to discuss family heritage. For more information or
to make reservations, contact: Betty Shuffield Angell at: 254/697-4806.
*The Hispanic Genealogical Society of NY and the Hispanic Heritage
Committee at Mount Sinai Medical Center in NYC are sponsoring a day-long
seminar on "Genealogical Research in Spain" on Saturday, 21 Oct, 2000.
George and Peggy Ryskamp will cover the following topics: (1.) Church
Archives—Diocesan and Parochial, (2.) State Archives - National, Provincial
and Municipal, (3.) Reconstructing Live in the Ancestral Hometown Using
Notarial Records and (4.) Juana, ¿Como te llamas? Naming Systems in Spain.
There will be limited registration at the door, so please register ahead
of time. A registration blank is available at the HGSNY Web site.
*The Genealogical Society of Stanislaus County (California) will hold
a "PHOTO SESSION" on Saturday, October 21 in Modesto. Members and non-members
are invited to bring treasured photos to have 35 mm black and white negatives
made by an expert photographer. Photos are copied while their owners wait.
An appointment is necessary. For additional information contact rmallen@thevision.net
The descendants of Victor David & Elalie Destroismaisons and descendants
of Lambert Broussard & Sylvanie Istre Reunion will be held October 22,2000
in Welsh, Louisiana. For further info contact: queenbee@communicomm.com
The Family History Society of Arizona will host an Annual Seminar on
October 27 and 28, 2000. Guest speaker will be Kellee Blake, Director,
National Archives, Mid-Atlantic Region. The seminar will be held at Arizona
State University Memorial Union. For information, see the FHSA Web site.
The Ingham County Genealogical Society (of Mason, Michigan) holds its
annual fall seminar on October 28, 2000. Speakers are Curt B. Witcher
and Shirley J. Hodges. For information go to the Web site.
*The Monterey County Genealogical Society presents the 23rd annual
genealogy conference on Saturday, 4 November 2000. Speakers will include
Lloyd DeWitt Bockstruck, noted author and newspaper columnist. Details
are available from: milleriw@mbay.net
*The Connecticut Society of Genealogists will host an All-Day Seminar
on Saturday, November 4th, 2000 in Manchester, CT. Speakers and their
topics will include: Dr. Robert Rafford—Making Sense of the U. S. Census;
Diane Bordeaux Lenti—Following Their Footsteps/Finding U. S. Immigration
Records; Judith Ellen Johnson—Genealogical Resources/Connecticut Historical
Society; Victor Berecz, Jr.—Computers/Case Histories for U. S., Hungary,
Germany and other computer genealogy resources. For details, go to the Web site.
*The Arizona State Genealogical Society is sponsoring an all day seminar
on November 4 featuring John Phillip Colletta speaking on "Passenger Arrival
Records and Naturalizations." The seminar will be held at the Tucson International
Airport. For information, check the ASGS Web site.
The Texas State Genealogical Society will hold their Annual Conference
November 10 & 11, 2000, in Wichita Falls, Texas. Lloyd DeWitt Bockstruck
will be the main speaker. For more information and registration form see
the Web page.
The 24th Annual Conference of the Florida State Genealogical Society
(FSGS) will be held in Jacksonville, FL on 10 and 11 November 2000. The
guest speakers will include nationally recognized family history speakers
Paula and Jim Warren plus a number of others. Details are available at
the Web site.
Laws Family Reunion 2000 will be held on Saturday, 11th November 2000,
in Welton, Lincolnshire, England. Details are available by contacting reunion2000@supanet.com.
*The New Mexico Genealogical Society is commemorating its 40th year
of serving New Mexico genealogists with a reception at the new National
Hispanic Cultural Center on Saturday, November 11, 2000. Details and directions
are at the Web site.
*The Yuma Family History Seminar, sponsored by the Yuma Family History
Center, will be held on November 11. The full day seminar includes 8 tracks
of topics given by noted local and national professionals. There is no
charge, but registration is necessary. For details, contact: GV_gottspone@hotmail.com.
*A "Lunchtime Family History Lessons at the Arizona State Capitol"
session will be held November 15 from noon to 1pm. "Introduction to Resources
Available for Genealogical Research at the National Archives and Records
Administration" featuring Bill Doty, Laguna Niguel NARA Archivist. Bring
your lunch and munch while you learn! For further information and registration,
send e-mail to: rerefde@lib.az.us
*The Orange County Genealogical Society of Goshen, NY December 2, 2000
program will feature Roger D. Joslyn, CG, FASG, presenting "Born in New
York But Where in New York?" at 10:30 a.m. Working back from the 20th
to the 17th, century the focus of this presentation is on sources, which
help identify research on an individual or family when only "born in New
York" may be know. For details, contact mvtgrterry@aol.com
*The Arizona Genealogical Advisory Board Annual Meeting, Workshop and
Board meeting will be held in Mesa on January 6, 2001. Check their Web site
for additional information.
The Salt Lake Institute of Genealogy 2001 will be held 8-12 January
2001 at the Wyndham Hotel, Salt Lake City, UT. The following courses will
be held: 1) American Records and Research: Focusing on Localities; 2)
Tracing Immigrant Origins; 3) Scottish Research; 4) Scandinavian Research;
5) Preparing a Family History in the New Millennium; 6) US Military records;
7) and 8) Research Methodology: Problem Solving I and Advanced Methodology:
Problem Solving II; 9) Making the Most of Your Computer As a Serious Genealogist;
10) The Internet: A Tool for Genealogical Research. For more information,
see the Web site.
The Lee County (Florida) Genealogical Society will sponsor a seminar
in Ft. Myers on January 13, 2001. The guest speaker will be Linda Woodward
Geiger, C.G.R.S. Sessions topics include Designing An Efficient Research
Plan, Documentation: Never Having to Ask "Where Did That Come From?",
Using Deeds to Solve Genealogical Problems, and Using Federal Naturalization
Records. Details are available from: pabetty@peganet.com
*The 3rd Annual Mesa (Arizona) Genealogy & Family History Fair will
be held on January 27, 2001 in Mesa. More details will be forthcoming
from: TonyO@i-link.net.
*The Northern Arizona Genealogical Society annual Family History Center
Workshop will be held in Prescott, Arizona on January 27, 2001. For additional
information, check the society’s Web site.
*The Genealogical Workshop of Mesa has scheduled a seminar by Arlene
Eakle in Mesa on February 3, 2001. More information on topics, etc. is
on its
Web site.
The West Valley Genealogical Society seminar will be held February
17, 2001 in Sun City, Arizona. Birdie Monk Holsclaw will be the guest
speaker. For information, contact jmcraewh@earthlink.net
The Whittier (California) Area Genealogical Society will host their
annual seminar on 24 Feb 2001. This year's speaker will be Richard Wilson,
author of computer books for genealogist and articles for national genealogy
magazines. He will present a summary of some of the popular genealogy
programs, how to use the Internet for effective genealogical research,
and on to some of the more advanced techniques, such as using a scanner
to add photographs to your printed genealogy. Details are available at
the Web site.
*The Williamson County Genealogical Society (Texas) announces their
annual seminar will be held on Saturday, March 10, 2001 in Round Rock,
Texas. The featured speaker will be Cyndi Howells, proprietor of "Cyndi's
List of Genealogy Sites on the Internet" Seminar Announcement and registration
information is available at the Web site.
The Sonoma County Genealogical Society in Santa Rosa, CA, will feature
Helen F.M. Leary at their meeting on 24 March 2001. Details are available
at the Web site.
The Indiana Genealogical Society annual meeting and conference will
feature Dr. John Philip Colletta. The conference is April 28, 2001 in
Kokomo, Indiana. Information is available at the IGS Web site.
The Coffey Cousins' Convention will be held May 4-6, 2001 in Vicksburg,
Mississippi. More information can be found at the CC Web site.
*The 15th Annual Meeting of the Wingfield Family Society will be held
May 24-27, 2001 in Denver, Colorado. Details are available from: vajones@aol.com.
*On Saturday, June 23, 2001, the French-Canadian Heritage Society of
Michigan is celebrating the 300th anniversary of the Detroit River Region
by presenting an all-day seminar, "Three Centuries, Two Nations, One French-Canadian
Heritage - 21st Century Explorations In Genealogy." The seminar is being
held in Belle River, Ontario. The seminar will feature speakers Denis
Beauregard, John DuLong, Peter Halford and Sylvie Tremblay. Music of the
Detroit River Region will be provided by Marcel Beneteau. For details
visit the society’s Web site.
*(update): The International Association of Jewish Genealogical Societies'
21st International Conference on Jewish Genealogy will be hosted by the
Jewish Genealogical Society of Great Britain, on July 8-13, 2001 in London,
England. Information is available at the Web site.
A reunion for anyone who has an interest in, or ancestors from, the
Dutch island of Goeree-Overflakkee in the province of Zuid, Holland, will
be held in September 2001. This reunion will take place in or near the
village of Ouddorp, which has been inhabited since before 300 BC. Participants
will not only visit the Genealogical Center in Middelharnis, but also
the annual genealogical day, organized by the Zeeland chapter of the NGV,
(Dutch Genealogical Society). Details are available at the Web site.
If you would like to see your event listed in future newsletters, send
an e-mail to: meetings@rootscomputing.com.
You must include either a Web page that gives details or an e-mail address
for the organization or for someone within the organization who is willing
to supply the meeting details upon request. Please limit your listings
to events where you expect 100 or more people to attend.
If you would like to submit news, information or press releases for
possible inclusion in future newsletters, send them to roots@compuserve.com.
The author does reserve the right to accept or reject any articles submitted.
DISCLAIMER: This newsletter is being written and sent via e-mail at
no charge. I expect to write one new issue on a more or less weekly basis.
However, life sometimes interferes, and the need to earn a living may
create an occasional delay.
COPYRIGHTS: The contents of this newsletter are copyright by Richard
W. Eastman. You are hereby granted rights, unless otherwise specified,
to re-distribute articles from this newsletter to other parties provided
you do so strictly for non-commercial purposes. Please limit your re-distribution
to one or two articles per newsletter; do not re-distribute the newsletter
in its entirety. Also, please include the following words with any articles
you re-distribute:
The following article is from Eastman’s Online Genealogy Newsletter
and is copyright 2000 by Richard W. Eastman. It is re-published here with
the permission of the author.
Thank you for your cooperation.
Dick Eastman Online
