German: status name for a village headman, from a contracted
form of Middle High German schultheize. The term originally
denoted a man responsible for collecting dues and paying them to the
lord of the manor; it is a compound of sculd(a) ‘debt’, ‘due’ +
a derivative of heiz(z)an ‘to command’. The surname is also
established in Scandinavia.
Jewish (Ashkenazic): from
German Schulze (see 1 above). The reason for adoption are
uncertain, but may perhaps have referred to a rabbi, seen as the head
of a Jewish community, or to a trustee of a synagogue.
Dictionary of American Family Names, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-508137-4
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