Scottish, northern English, and German: from an Old English
personal name composed of the elements os ‘god’ +
weald ‘power’. In the Middle English period, this fell together
with the less common Old Norse cognate Ásvaldr. The name was
introduced to Germany from England, as a result of the fame of St. Oswald, a 7th-century king of Northumbria, whose deeds were reported
by Celtic missionaries to southern Germany. The name was also borne by
a 10th-century English saint of Danish parentage, who was important as
a monastic reformer.
Irish: adopted as an English equivalent of
Gaelic Ó hEodhusa (see Hussey 1).
Dictionary of American Family Names, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-508137-4
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