German and Jewish (Ashkenazic): topographic name from Middle
High German lant, German Land ‘land’, ‘territory’ (see
Land 1), used originally to denote either someone who was a
native of the area in which he lived, in contrast to a newcomer (see
Neumann), or someone who lived in the countryside as opposed to
a town.
Jewish (Ashkenazic): habitational name from either of two
places called Landau (see Landau), Lande in Yiddish.
Dutch: from a Germanic personal name formed with land
‘land’ + hardu ‘strong’.
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