Jewish (Ashkenazic): surname used as a translation of
Cohen, from German Kaplan or Polish kaplan
‘chaplain’, ‘curate’.
German, Swedish, Czech, and Slovenian;
Slovak (Kaplán); Polish (Kaplan); Hungarian (Káplán): status
name for a deacon, chaplain, or curate (ultimately from Late Latin
capellanus (see Chaplin 1), or a nickname for someone
resembling a clergyman).
Turkish: from kablan
‘tiger’, hence a nickname for someone thought to resemble a tiger,
typically in having indomitable courage or spirit. In the form
Kaplanis, this is also found as a Greek surname, with various
patronymic and other derivatives (Kaplanidis,
Kaplanoglou, Kaplanellis, etc.)
Dictionary of American Family Names, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-508137-4
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