Dutch and North German: topographic name for someone living by
a quayside, from Dutch kaai ‘quay’, German Kai (which
was borrowed from the Dutch).
Danish and Frisian: from the Danish
personal name Kai, Kaj, Kay, which is of
uncertain origin, most likely from Frisian or Latin Caius.
Japanese: the original meaning is probably ‘shell’, but the
name is written phonetically with two characters meaning ‘first class’
or ‘shell’, plus ‘beauty’. Though the surname is found mostly in the
island of Kyushu, some families could have connections with the
ancient province of Kai (now Yamanashi prefecture) in the mountains of
central Honshu.
Dictionary of American Family Names, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-508137-4
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