German: from the Middle High German title of nobility
herzoge ‘duke’ (Old High German herizoho, from
heri ‘army’ + ziohan ‘to lead’, a calque of the
Byzantine title stratelates ‘general’, ‘commander’, from
Greek stratos ‘army’ + elaunein ‘to lead’). The name is
unlikely to refer to descent from an actual duke; it is normally an
occupational name for the servant of a duke or a nickname for one who
put on the airs and graces of a duke.
Jewish (Ashkenazic):
ornamental name from German Herzog ‘duke’. Compare Graf
and Kaiser.
Dictionary of American Family Names, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-508137-4
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