English (mainly northern): habitational name from any of
various places so called. Several, in particular those in Hampshire,
Kent, and Devon, are named from Old English heorot ‘hart’,
‘stag’ + leah ‘wood’, ‘clearing’. One in Northumberland has
as the second element Old English hlaw ‘hill’, and one in
Cumbria contains Old English cla ‘claw’, in the sense of a
tongue of land between two streams, + probably heard
‘hard’. The surname is widely distributed, but most common in
Yorkshire, where it arose from a place near Haworth, West Yorkshire,
also named with Old English heorot + leah. As a
Scottish name, it comes from the Cumbrian Hartley (see forebears
note).
Irish: shortened Anglicized form of or surname
adopted as equivalent of Gaelic Ó hArtghaile ‘descendant of
Artghal’, a personal name composed of the elements Art
‘bear’, ‘hero’ + gal ‘valor’.
Dictionary of American Family Names, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-508137-4
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