Scottish: ethnic name for someone descended from a tribe of Britons
living in Scotland, from Gaelic gall ‘stranger’ (see
Gall) + Breathnach ‘Briton’ (i.e. ‘British
foreigner’). These were either survivors of the British peoples who
lived in Scotland before the Gaelic invasions from Ireland in the 5th
century (in particular the Welsh-speaking Strathclyde Britons, who
survived as a distinctive ethnic group until about the 14th century),
or others who had perhaps migrated northwestwards at the time of the
Anglo-Saxon invasions.
Dictionary of American Family Names, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-508137-4
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